Development and building trade capacity

This study looks at digitalization from a gender and development perspective. It investigates which countries and, within countries, which segments of the population have been able thus far to benefit from the dynamism provided by digitalization, especially through e-commerce and technological advances in agriculture. The study points to digital divides between developed and developing countries, as well as to other divides linked to gender, age and s Read More

Making trade work for women goes to the core of the WTO’s purpose because women’s economic empowerment is central to achieving the WTO’s founding objectives of raising living standards, creating jobs and promoting sustainable development.

La présente publication conjointe de la Banque mondiale et de l'OMC repose sur une vision partagée selon laquelle les changements structurels associés à une économie mondiale plus centrée sur les services et sur la contribution essentielle que l'expansion du commerce et de l'investissement dans ce secteur peuvent apporter à la croissance économique et au développement justifient qu'une plus grande attention soit portée aux politiques et que la coo Read More

La composition du commerce mondial des services a profondément changé au cours des dernières années, période pendant laquelle les économies en développement ont enregistré des gains importants à l'exportation, malgré l'impact sévère de la pandémie de COVID-19. Ces gains concernent une multitude de services non traditionnels à forte valeur ajoutée, qui sont plus faciles à fournir aujourd'hui grâce aux moyens numériques.

La présente publication est le fruit d'une collaboration entre la Banque mondiale et l'OMC. Elle a été corédigée et coordonnée par Martin Roy, de l'OMC, et Pierre Sauvé, de la Banque mondiale, sous la supervision de la Directrice générale adjointe Anabel Gonzalez et de Xiaolin Chai, Directrice de la Division du commerce des services et de l'investissement, de l'OMC, ainsi que de Mona Haddad, Directrice mondiale pour le commerce, l'investissement et la Read More

Les services sont devenus la force motrice qui détermine le paysage économique des pays de tout niveau de développement. Ils constituent la majeure partie de l'activité économique mondiale avec plus des deux tiers du PIB, emploient la plupart des travailleurs et sont la source de la plupart des créations d'emplois, notamment chez les femmes et les jeunes. Parallèlement, le commerce des services est devenu un élément essentiel des stratégies de Read More

This publication received guidance from Deputy Director-General Xiangchen Zhang and from Yuvan Beedjadhur of the Office of the Director-General. Preparation of the publication was a joint effort across several divisions of the WTO.

Women entrepreneurs were hit disproportionately hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, as their firms are generally younger, smaller and concentrated in industry sectors affected the most by economic shutdowns. However, very little research has addressed the ways in which women-led firms navigated these challenges. In this study, we investigate the ways in which women entrepreneurs adapted to the business repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemi Read More

On average, female workers receive a lower wage than male workers. In this chapter, we analyse the potential contribution of trade policy reform to a reduction in this gender wage gap. We first establish four stylized facts: (i) tariffs are on average higher in more female labour-intensive sectors; (ii) trade costs are on average larger in female labour-intensive services than in goods; (iii) services trade restrictiveness is higher in more female labour-int Read More

This publication has been prepared under the overall guidance of Aik Hoe Lim of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and Roland Roesch of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA).