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Introduction
Le Mécanisme d’examen des politiques commerciales (MEPC) a été établi à titre expérimental par les Parties Contractantes du GATT en avril 1989. Il est devenu un élément permanent de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce en vertu de l’Accord de Marrakech qui a institué cette organisation en janvier 1995.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Mario Matus at the Trade Policy Review of Canada 20 and 22 June 2011
This ninth Trade Policy Review of Canada has given us a better understanding of the country’s recent economic including trade policy developments and enabled us collectively to measure the challenges Canada currently faces in maintaining its economic prosperity. Our candid discussion has proved more engaging thanks to the full and open participation of the Canadian delegation led by Mr. Robert Ready Director-General of the Intellectual Property Office and the Office for Trade in Services Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade and by the insightful remarks made by the discussant H.E. John Adank of New Zealand as well as active participation by numerous Members.
Report by Canada
Trade is essential to Canada?s economy with one in six Canadian jobs linked directly to exports. Canada is proud of the role that it has played in helping to build a global order based on the rule of law and an aspiration to free and more open trade. Unfortunately the integrity of the global trading system under which so many around the world have prospered is currently facing unprecedented challenges. Growing concern that the benefits of trade have not been shared by all and that the existing rules no longer reflect an appropriate balance of rights and obligations has helped propel a rise in protectionism. This has taken the form of rising trade restrictive measures and unilateral actions that hinder and restrict international trade. Bilateral conflicts that give rise to unilaterally determined trade policies constitute a serious threat to a rules-based trade regime.
United States - Final Dumping Determination on Softwood Lumber from Canada
On 13 September 2002 Canada requested consultations under Article 4.8 of the DSU (urgency procedure) with the United States concerning the final affirmative determination of sales at less than fair value (dumping) with respect to certain softwood lumber products from Canada (Inv. No. A-122-838) announced by the US Department of Commerce (USDOC) on 21 March 2002 pursuant to Section 735 of the Tariff Act of 1930 as amended on 22 May 2002 (Final Determination). The measures at issue include the initiation of the investigation the conduct of the investigation and the Final Determination. Canada considered these measures and in particular the determinations made and methodologies adopted therein by the DOC under authority of the United States Tariff Act of 1930 to violate Articles 1 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.6 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.8 6.1 6.2 6.4 6.9 and 9.3 of the Anti-Dumping Agreement and Articles VI and X:3(a) of the GATT 1994.
European communities and certain member states - Measures affecting trade in large civil aircraft (Boeing - Airbus) - Recourse 2
On 2 December 2019 the WTO circulated the compliance panel report in the case brought by the European Union in “European Communities and Certain Member States - Measures Affecting Trade in Large Civil Aircraft - Recourse to Article 21.5 of the DSU by the EU” (DS316)
Canada - Measures Relating to Exports of Wheat and Treatment of Imported Grain
On 17 December 2002 the United States requested consultations with Canada as regards matters concerning the export of wheat by the Canadian Wheat Board and the treatment accorded by Canada to grain imported into Canada. According to the United States the actions of the Government of Canada and the Canadian Wheat Board (entity enjoying exclusive rights to purchase and sell Western Canadian wheat for human consumption) related to export of wheat appear to be inconsistent with paragraphs 1(a) and 1(b) of Article XVII of GATT 1994.
Estados Unidos - Medidas compensatorias sobre la madera blanda procedente del Canadá
El 24 de agosto de 2020 la OMC distribuyó el informe del Grupo Especial que entendió en la diferencia planteada por el Canadá a saber “Estados Unidos — Medidas compensatorias sobre la madera blanda procedente del Canadá” (DS533).
Brazil - Export Financing Programme for Aircraft
On 19 June 1996 Canada requested consultations with Brazil under Article 4 of the SCM Agreement which provides for special procedures for export subsidies. Canada claimed that export subsidies granted under the Brazilian Programa de Financiamento às Exportações (PROEX) to foreign purchasers of Brazil’s Embraer aircraft are inconsistent with Articles 3 27.4 and 27.5 of the SCM Agreement.