Dispute settlement
Avant-propos
Cette édition mise à jour de l’ouvrage intitulé « Le règlement des différends dans le cadre de l’OMC: une affaire une page » a été établie par la Division des affaires juridiques de l’OMC avec l’aide de la Division des règles et du secrétariat de l’Organe d’appel. Elle porte sur tous les rapports des groupes spéciaux et de l’Organe d’appel adoptés par l’Organe de règlement des différends de l’OMC au 31 décembre 2020. Elle contient également une section distincte comportant des résumés de rapports de groupes spéciaux qui ont été distribués aux Membres de l’OMC et mis à disposition sur le site Web de l’OMC mais n’ont pas encore été adoptés par l’ORD car ils font l’objet d’appels en cours. Étant donné les postes vacants non pourvus au sein de l’Organe d’appel ces appels ne peuvent pas être traités et leur examen ne peut pas être achevé dans les circonstances actuelles.
Note
L’Union européenne a succédé à la Communauté européenne aux fins de l’OMC au 1er décembre 2009.
Estados Unidos - Medidas que afectan a la producción y venta de cigarrillos de clavo de olor
El 02 de septiembre de 2011 la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Medidas que afectan a la producción y venta de cigarrillos de clavo de olor”.
États-Unis - Lois, réglementations et méthode de calcul des marges de dumping (Réduction à zéro)
Le 18 avril 2006 l’Organe d’appel a publié son rapport sur l’affaire “États-Unis - Lois réglementations et méthode de calcul des marges de dumping (Réduction à zéro)”.
Argentine - Mesures concernant le commerce des marchandises et des services
Le 30 septembre 2015 l’OMC a publié un rapport de groupe spécial sur le différend “Argentine — Mesures concernant le commerce des marchandises et des services” (DS453)
Estados Unidos - Mantenimiento de la suspensión de obligaciones en la diferencia CE - Hormonas
El 16 de octubre de 2008 el Órgano de Apelación distribuyó sus informes en los asuntos examinados en los informes del Grupo Especial que se ocupó de “Estados Unidos — Mantenimiento de la suspensión de obligaciones en la diferencia CE — Hormonas” (DS320) y “Canadá — Mantenimiento de la suspensión de obligaciones en la diferencia CE — Hormonas” (DS321) respectivamente.
United States - Measure Affecting Imports of Woven Wool Shirts and Blouses from India
On 30 December 1994 India requested consultations with the United States concerning the transitional safeguard measure imposed by the United States. India claimed that the safeguard measure is inconsistent with Articles 2 6 and 8 of the ATC.
Inde - Protection conferee par un brevet pour les produits pharmaceutiques et les produits chimiques pour l’agriculture
Le 19 décembre 1997 l’Organe d’appel a publié son rapport sur l’affaire “Inde - Protection conferee par un brevet pour les produits pharmaceutiques et les produits chimiques pour l’agriculture”.
United States - Sunset Reviews of Anti-Dumping Measures on Oil Country Tubular Goods from Argentina - Recourse 1
On 7 October 2002 Argentina requested consultations with the US regarding the final determinations of the US Department of Commerce (“DOC”) and the US International Trade Commission (“ITC”) in the sunset reviews of the anti-dumping duty order on OCTG from Argentina issued on 7 November 2000 (65 Federal Register 66701) and June 2001 (USITC Pub. No. 3434) respectively and the DOC’s determination to continue the anti-dumping duty order on OCTG from Argentina issued on 25 July 2001 (66 Federal Register 38630). Argentina considered that general US laws regulations policies and procedures related to the administration of sunset reviews and the application of anti-dumping measures were inconsistent either on their face or as applied with Articles 1 2 3 5 6 11 12 and 18 of the Anti-Dumping Agreement (ADA); Articles VI and X of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1994; and Article XVI:4 of the WTO Agreement. Furthermore Argentina claimed that the sunset review conducted by the DOC is inconsistent with Articles 2 5 5.8 11.3 11.4 12.1 and 12.3 of the ADA. It also claimed that the sunset review conducted by the ITC was inconsistent with Articles 3 and 11.3 of the ADA.
European Communities - Measures Affecting Butter Products
On 3 May 1995 the US requested consultations with Korea in respect of requirements imposed by Korea on imports from the US which had the effect of restricting imports. The US alleged violations of Articles III and XI of GATT Articles 2 and 5 of the SPS Agreement Article 2 of the TBT Agreement and Article 4 of the Agreement on Agriculture.
Philippines - Taxes on Distilled Spirits
On 29 July 2009 the European Communities requested consultations with the Philippines concerning the Philippines' current Excise Tax regime on distilled spirits which has been in place since 1997. The European Communities contends that the regime discriminates against imported distilled spirits by taxing them at a substantially higher rate than domestic spirits. The European Communities cites a number of specific measures under the regime in its request. The European Communities considers that these measures are inconsistent with the Philippines' obligations under GATT 1994 in particular Article III:2. On 10 August 2009 the United States requested to join the consultations. Subsequently the Philippines informed the DSB that it had accepted the request of the United States to join the consultations.
Estados Unidos - Medidas que afectan al comercio de grandes aeronaves civiles - Segunda reclamación
El 31 de marzo de 2011 la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Medidas que afectan al comercio de grandes aeronaves civiles - Segunda reclamación”.
Communautés Européennes - Regime applicable à l’importation, à la vente et à la distribution des bananes
Le 09 septembre 1997 l’Organe d’appel a publié son rapport sur l’affaire “Communautes Europeennes - Regime applicable a l’importation a la vente et a la distribution des bananes”.
European Communities - Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas
Complaints by Ecuador Guatemala Honduras Mexico and the United States. The complainants in this case other than Ecuador had requested consultations with the European Communities on the same issue on 28 September 1995 (DS16). After Ecuador’s accession to the WTO the current complainants again requested consultations with the European Communities on 5 February 1996. The complainants alleged that the European Communities’ regime for importation sale and distribution of bananas is inconsistent with Articles I II III X XI and XIII of the GATT 1994 as well as provisions of the Import Licensing Agreement the Agreement on Agriculture the TRIMs Agreement and the GATS.
United States - Anti-Dumping Measures on Oil Country Tubular Goods (OCTG) from Mexico
On 18 February 2003 Mexico requested consultations with the US as regards several anti-dumping measures imposed by the US on imports of OCTG from Mexico including the final determinations in some administrative and sunset reviews; and the US authorities’ determination regarding the continuation of the anti-dumping orders. In addition to these measures Mexico’s request includes a number of laws regulations and administrative practices (such as “zeroing”) used by the US authorities in the above determinations. Mexico considers that the above anti-dumping measures are incompatible with Articles 1 2 3 6 11 and 18 of the Anti-Dumping Agreement Articles VI and X of the GATT 1994 and Article XVI:4 of the WTO Agreement.
États-Unis - Restrictions à l’importation de vêtements de dessous de coton et de fibres synthétiques ou artificielles
Le 10 février 1997 l’Organe d’appel a publié son rapport sur l’affaire “Etats-Unis - Restrictions à l’importation de vêtements de dessous de coton et de fibres synthétiques ou artificielles”.
Estados Unidos - Medidas antidumping sobre determinados productos de acero laminado en caliente originarios del Japón
El 28 de febrero de 2001 la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Medidas antidumping sobre determinados productos de acero laminado en caliente originarios del Japón”.
United States - Final Dumping Determination on Softwood Lumber from Canada
On 13 September 2002 Canada requested consultations under Article 4.8 of the DSU (urgency procedure) with the United States concerning the final affirmative determination of sales at less than fair value (dumping) with respect to certain softwood lumber products from Canada (Inv. No. A-122-838) announced by the US Department of Commerce (USDOC) on 21 March 2002 pursuant to Section 735 of the Tariff Act of 1930 as amended on 22 May 2002 (Final Determination). The measures at issue include the initiation of the investigation the conduct of the investigation and the Final Determination. Canada considered these measures and in particular the determinations made and methodologies adopted therein by the DOC under authority of the United States Tariff Act of 1930 to violate Articles 1 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.6 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.8 6.1 6.2 6.4 6.9 and 9.3 of the Anti-Dumping Agreement and Articles VI and X:3(a) of the GATT 1994.
China - Determinadas medidas que afectan a los servicios de pago electrónico
El 16 de julio de 2012 la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “China - Determinadas medidas que afectan a los servicios de pago electrónico”.
Chine - Mesures affectant la protection et le respect des droits de propriété intellectuelle
L’OMC a publié le 26 janvier 2009 le rapport d’un groupe spécial qui avait examiné la plainte des Etats-Unis dans l’affaire “Chine — Mesures affectant la protection et le respect des droits de propriété intellectuelle” (DS362).
Estados Unidos - Derechos antidumping y compensatorios definitivos sobre determinados productos procedentes de China
El 22 de octubre de 2010 la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Derechos antidumping y compensatorios definitivos sobre determinados productos procedentes de China”.
European communities and certain member states - Measures affecting trade in large civil aircraft (Boeing - Airbus) - Recourse 2
On 2 December 2019 the WTO circulated the compliance panel report in the case brought by the European Union in “European Communities and Certain Member States - Measures Affecting Trade in Large Civil Aircraft - Recourse to Article 21.5 of the DSU by the EU” (DS316)
Chile - Sistema de bandas de precios y medidas de salvaguardia aplicados a determinados productos agrícolas
El 03 de mayo de 2002 la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Chile - Sistema de bandas de precios y medidas de salvaguardia aplicados a determinados productos agrícolas”.
Corée - Mesures affectant les marchés publics
Le 01 mai 2000 l’OMC a publié le rapport du Groupe spécial dans l’affaire “Corée - Mesures affectant les marchés publics”.
India - Additional and Extra-Additional Duties on Imports from the United States
On 6 March 2007 the United States requested consultations with India with respect to “additional duties” or “extra additional duties” that India applies to imports from the United States which include (but are not limited to) wines and distilled products (HS2204 2205 2206 and 2208.
Japon - Droits compensateurs visant les mémoires RAM dynamiques en provenance de Corée
Le 13 juillet 2007 l’OMC a publié le rapport du Groupe spécial dans l’affaire “Japon - Droits compensateurs visant les mémoires RAM dynamiques en provenance de Corée”.
Estados Unidos - Trato fiscal aplicado a las “empresas de ventas en el extranjero”
El 30 de agosto de 2002 la OMC hizo público el informe arbitral sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Trato fiscal aplicado a las “empresas de ventas en el extranjero””.
Russia - Tariff Treatment of Certain Agricultural and Manufacturing Products
On 18 August 1997 the EC requested consultations with the US in respect of a ban on imports of poultry and poultry products from the EC by the US Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety Inspection Service and any related measures. The EC contended that although the ban is allegedly on grounds of product safety the ban does not indicate the grounds upon which EC poultry products have suddenly become ineligible for entry into the US market. The EC considered that the ban is inconsistent with Articles I III X and XI of GATT 1994 Articles 2 3 4 5 8 and Annex C of the SPS Agreement or Article 2 and 5 of the TBT Agreement.
United States - Countervailing Measures Concerning Certain Products from the European Communities - Recourse 1
On 10 November 2000 the EC requested consultations with the US concerning the continued application by the United States of countervailing duties on a number of products. In particular the EC claimed that the application of the “same person” methodology by the US and the continued imposition of duties based on it are in breach of Articles 10 19 and 21 of the SCM Agreement because there is no proper determination of a benefit to the producer of the goods under investigation as required by Article 1.1(b) of the SCM Agreement. The EC included in this request for consultations 14 US countervailing duty orders1 where this “same person” methodology was applied. All these cases involve alleged non-recurring subsidies granted to firms prior to a change of ownership.
Canada - Measures Relating to Exports of Wheat and Treatment of Imported Grain
On 17 December 2002 the United States requested consultations with Canada as regards matters concerning the export of wheat by the Canadian Wheat Board and the treatment accorded by Canada to grain imported into Canada. According to the United States the actions of the Government of Canada and the Canadian Wheat Board (entity enjoying exclusive rights to purchase and sell Western Canadian wheat for human consumption) related to export of wheat appear to be inconsistent with paragraphs 1(a) and 1(b) of Article XVII of GATT 1994.
Communautés européennes - Subventions à l’exportation de sucre
Le 15 octobre 2004 l’OMC a publié le rapport du Groupe spécial dans l’affaire “Communautés européennes - Subventions à l’exportation de sucre”.
United States - Countervailing Duty Measures on Certain Products from China - Recourse 1
On 25 May 2012 China requested consultations with the United States concerning the imposition of countervailing duty measures by the United States on certain products from China. China challenges various aspects of certain identified countervailing duty investigations including their opening conduct and the preliminary and final determinations that led to the imposition of countervailing duties. China also challenges the “rebuttable presumption” allegedly established and applied by the US Department of Commerce that majority government ownership is sufficient to treat an enterprise as a “public body”.
États-Unis - Mesures antidumping visant les crevettes et les lames de scie au diamant en provenance de Chine
Le 8 juin 2012 l’OMC a publié le rapport du Groupe spécial chargé d’examiner la plainte de la Chine dans l’affaire “États-Unis — crevettes et lames de scie au diamant” (WT/DS422/R).
Estados Unidos - Medidas compensatorias sobre la madera blanda procedente del Canadá
El 24 de agosto de 2020 la OMC distribuyó el informe del Grupo Especial que entendió en la diferencia planteada por el Canadá a saber “Estados Unidos — Medidas compensatorias sobre la madera blanda procedente del Canadá” (DS533).
European Communities - Measures Affecting the Importation of Certain Poultry Products
On 24 February 1997 Brazil requested consultations with the EC in respect of the EC regime for the importation of certain poultry products and the implementation by the EC of the Tariff Rate Quota for these products. Brazil contended that the EC measures are inconsistent with Articles X and XXVII of GATT 1994 and Articles 1 and 3 of the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures. Brazil also contended that the measures nullify or impair benefits accruing to it directly or indirectly under GATT 1994.
Estados Unidos - Normas de origen aplicables a los textiles y las prendas de vestir
El 20 de junio de 2003 la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Normas de origen aplicables a los textiles y las prendas de vestir”.
Chine - Certaines mesures affectant les services de paiement électronique
Le 16 juillet 2012 l’OMC a publié le rapport du Groupe spécial chargé d’examiner l’affaire “Chine — Certaines mesures affectant les services de paiement électronique” (WT/DS413/R).
Brasil - Determinadas medidas relativas a la tributación y las cargas
El 13 de diciembre 2018 el Órgano de Apelación de la OMC emitió su informe sobre los asuntos planteados por la Unión Europea y el Japón “Brasil — Determinadas medidas relativas a la tributación y las cargas” (DS472 y DS497).
United States - Countervailing and Anti-Dumping Measures on Certain Products from China
On 17 September 2012 China requested consultations with the United States concerning the following measures: (i) a new piece of legislation (Public Law 112-99) that explicitly allows for the application of countervailing measures to non-market economy countries; (ii) countervailing duty determinations or actions made or performed by US authorities between 20 November 2006 and 13 March 2012 in respect of Chinese products; (iii) anti-dumping measures associated with the concerned countervailing duty measures as well as the combined effect of these anti-dumping measures and the parallel countervailing duty measures; and (iv) the United States’ failure to provide the US Department of Commerce (USDOC) with legal authority to identify and avoid the double remedies in respect of investigations or reviews initiated on or between 20 November 2006 and 13 March 2012.
India - Measures Affecting the Automotive Sector
On 6 October 1998 the EC requested consultations with India concerning certain measures affecting the automotive sector being applied by India. The EC stated that the measures include the documents entitled “Export and Import Policy 1997-2002” “ITC (HS Classification) Export and Import Policy 1997-2002” (“Classification”) and “Public Notice No. 60 (PN/97-02) of 12 December 1997 Export and Import Policy April 1997-March 2002” and any other legislative or administrative provision implemented or consolidated by these policies as well as MoUs signed by the Indian Government with certain manufacturers of automobiles. The EC contended that: under these measures imports of complete automobiles and of certain parts and components were subject to a system of non-automatic import licenses. in accordance with Public Notice No. 60 import licenses might be granted only to local joint venture manufacturers that had signed an MoU with the Indian Government whereby they undertook inter alia to comply with certain local content and export balancing requirements. The EC alleged violations of Articles III and XI of GATT 1994 and Article 2 of the TRIMs Agreement.
India - Derechos adicionales y derechos adicionales suplementarios sobre las importaciones procedentes de los Estados Unidos
El 09 de junio de 2008 la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “India - Derechos adicionales y derechos adicionales suplementarios sobre las importaciones procedentes de los Estados Unidos”.
Estados Unidos - Medidas de salvaguardia definitivas impuestas a las importaciones de gluten de trigo procedentes de las Comunidades Europeas
El 22 de diciembre de 2000 el Órgano de Apelación hizo público el informe sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Medidas de salvaguardia definitivas impuestas a las importaciones de gluten de trigo procedentes de las Comunidades Europeas”.
Estados Unidos - Ley Antidumping de 1916
El 24 de febrero de 2004 la OMC hizo público el informe arbitral sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Ley Antidumping de 1916”.
European Communities and its Member States - Tariff Treatment of Certain Information Technology Products
On 28 May 2008 the United States requested consultations with the European Communities and its member States with respect to their tariff treatment of certain information technology products.