Economic research and trade policy analysis
Supply chains and business models
Jan 2013
Chapter
While the term “business model” might seem ubiquitous today, its use only arose in the 1990s with the information and communications technology (ICT) revolution. Since then, the business model literature has advanced definitions and conceptualisations that describe, and prescribe, a range of supply chain architectures. In the age of network competition, the business model concept now rests upon the focal unit of the supply chain and no longer upo Read More
El comercio de servicios en cifras
Oct 2019
Chapter
En esta sección se expone la importancia del comercio de servicios en la economía mundial utilizando los datos sobre el comercio de servicios por modos de suministro (TISMOS), una base de datos experimental desarrollada por la OMC. Esta base de datos presenta los servicios prestados a través de los cuatro modos de suministro clasificados en el Acuerdo General sobre el Comercio de Servicios (AGCS) de la OMC; las estadísticas tradicionales sobre el c Read More
Trade, value chains and labor markets in advanced economies
Apr 2017
Chapter
Trade is a major source of employment. Nevertheless, trade has recently been caught in the crossfire in discussions around the decline of manufacturing employment and the polarization of labor markets in advanced economies. In this chapter we examine what the academic literature has to say on the relationship between trade and labor markets, with a specific focus on studies with a value chain perspective. We find that trade has only modest Read More
Conclusions
Oct 2019
Chapter
Au cours des dernières décennies, les services sont devenus la pierre angulaire de l’économie mondiale et la composante la plus dynamique du commerce international. Ils sont de plus en plus faciles à échanger, en grande partie grâce au numérique. De la formation en ligne aux cabinets juridiques virtuels, la technologie pénètre tous les secteurs de services, transformant les services qui nécessitaient habituellement une proximité physique en services Read More
Apéndice estadístico
Jun 2010
Chapter
La definición de recursos naturales que figura en la subsección 1 es suficiente en muchos análisis, pero se necesita una definición estadística más precisa para tratar de forma coherente los datos relativos a las corrientes comerciales, que es el tema en el que se centra la subsección 2. Cuando se examinan productos que no son objeto de comercio es necesario basarse en una concepción más amplia aún de los recursos naturales. Este apéndice facilit Read More
Situation du commerce en 2008-2009
Jul 2009
Chapter
Les signes d’une forte dégradation de l’économie mondiale sont devenus manifestes au second semestre de 2008 et dans les premiers mois de 2009, avec la contraction des flux commerciaux et la chute de la production, d’abord dans les pays développés, puis dans les pays en développement. Bien que le commerce mondial ait augmenté de 2 pour cent en volume en 2008, sa croissance s’est essoufflée au cours des six derniers mois de l’année, pou Read More
Executive summary
Source:
World Trade Report 2021
Nov 2021
Chapter
The health and economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has been a massive stress test of the world trading system, delivering unprecedented shocks to global supply chains and trade relations among countries. In 2020, the value of global trade in goods and services in nominal dollar terms fell by 9.6 per cent, while global GDP fell by 3.3 per cent, in the most severe recession since World War II.
Réponses politiques pour promouvoir les avantages que les femmes peuvent tirer du commerce
Source:
Les femmes et le commerce
May 2021
Chapter
Le présent chapitre porte sur les efforts des gouvernements, de la société civile, du secteur privé et des institutions multilatérales concernant le commerce et l’autonomisation économique des femmes. L’accent y est mis sur les mesures qui pourraient être les plus efficaces pour ouvrir les marchés aux femmes et renforcer leur capacité de faire du commerce. Les risques que présente le commerce pour les femmes en tant que travailleuses sont égaleme Read More
How Post- TRIPS Negotiations Reframe the ‘Trade- Related Aspects’ of Intellectual Property after TRIPS: The Lessons of WTO Accessions
Jan 2017
Chapter
The WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) established the first multilateral understanding of what constitutes a standard for ‘adequate’ and ‘effective’ protection of intellectual property rights, and established a new mechanism for monitoring and reviewing how these standards are met. The policy and legal framework defined by the TRIPS Agreement has, in the two decades since it entered into force, progressi Read More
Notes techniques
Nov 2020
Chapter
Les Membres de l'OMC sont souvent désignés sous le nom de « pays », bien que certains ne soient pas des pays au sens habituel du terme mais, officiellement, des « territoires douaniers ». La définition des groupements géographiques ou autres, dans le présent rapport, n'implique de la part du Secrétariat aucune prise de position quant au statut d'un pays ou territoire, au tracé de ses frontières ou aux droits et obligations des Membres de Read More
Executive summary
Source:
World Trade Report 2009
Jul 2009
Chapter
The World Trade Report 2009 focuses primarily on certain contingency measures available to WTO members in the import and export of goods. The legal framework for such measures is much less developed in services trade, although this is also discussed.
Constraints faced by the poor
Jul 2015
Chapter
Analysis of the role of trade in contributing to poverty reduction needs to go beyond its impact on economic growth. As discussed in the preceding chapter, economic growth will remain the key driver of poverty reduction globally, and trade will continue to be a critical driver of growth. Nevertheless, in the areas in which extreme poverty is now concentrated — South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa — with predicted growth more than 370 million people in these Read More
The future of trade in services for developing countries
Jan 2009
Chapter
The question in this theme chapter is: what is the impact of services policy reform on the welfare of poor households? As explained below, there is a variety of channels through which services can be provided, and it is important to consider the whole portfolio of options in order to identify the ways in which poor households might be affected. Hoekman (2006) reviews the nature of services trade liberalisation and its scope to generate welfare gains.
Conclusions
Source:
World Trade Report 2017
Sept 2017
Chapter
Economic progress involves economic disruption, and there has always been an inherent and unavoidable trade-off between the benefits of growth, on the one hand, and the cost of adjustment, on the other. Today is no exception. The expansion of the global economy – spurred by technological advances and market opening – is enhancing the welfare and improving the living conditions of billions of people around the world. But it is also resulting in econ Read More
Integrating small and medium-sized enterprises into global trade flows: The case of China
Source:
Connecting to Global Markets
Feb 2014
Chapter
In China, the term “small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)” refers to “different forms of enterprises under different ownerships that are established within the territory of the People’s Republic of China that meet the social needs and create more job opportunities, and comply with the industrial policies of the State”. This definition is rather more complex than that in other countries, where the definition of SMEs tends to be based purely on their size. Read More
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